CSEC Physics Paper 2 January 2012 - Free CXC Past Paper with Answers

Complete Table 2 relating fundamental quantities and their base unit symbols.

TABLE 2: FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES AND THEIR BASE UNITS

Complete Table 2 relating fundamental quantities and their base unit symbols.

TABLE 2: FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES AND THEIR BASE UNITS

State the difference between a 'linear scale' and a 'non-linear scale'.

You are provided with the following three measuring instruments.

• Metre rule
• Clinical thermometer
• Conical flask

Which of the instruments listed above has a non-linear scale?

The container shown in Figure 2 is completely filled with cement.

Figure 2. Container filled with cement

If the mass of the cement is $15\ 000\ \text{kg}$, calculate the density of this cement sample in $\text{kg}\ \text{m}^{-3}$.

What pressure, in Newtons, would the cement exert on the base of the container?

$[\text{g} = 10\ \text{N}\ \text{kg}^{-1}]$

Albert Einstein put forward a theory that if the energy of a body changes, then its mass also changes. State the equation which relates these changes, clearly identifying the symbols or letters used in the equation.

State TWO arguments EACH for and against the utilization of nuclear energy.

For: 1. 2.

Against: 1. 2.

Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which a moving neutron strikes the nucleus of an atom splitting it into lighter nuclei, often producing free neutrons and photons in the form of gamma rays. One such reaction is given below.

$\begin{matrix} 1 \\ 0 \end{matrix}\text{n} + \begin{matrix} 235 \\ 92 \end{matrix}\text{Uranium} \rightarrow \begin{matrix} A \\ 56 \end{matrix}\text{Barium} + \begin{matrix} 90 \\ Z \end{matrix}\text{Krypton} + 3\begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ 0 \end{pmatrix}\text{n} + \text{energy}$

Calculate the values of $A$ and $Z$.

The energy released in the given reaction is $1.8 \times 10^{12}\ \text{J}$. Calculate the excess mass (mass change) in this reaction.

Fusion is the joining together of two nuclei. One possible fusion reaction is

$\begin{matrix} 2 \\ 1 \end{matrix}\text{Deuterium} + \begin{matrix} 3 \\ 1 \end{matrix}\text{Tritium} \rightarrow \begin{matrix} P \\ Q \end{matrix}\text{X} + \begin{matrix} 1 \\ 0 \end{matrix}\text{neutron} + \text{energy.}$

With reference to the d.c. motor shown in Figure 3, explain how the coil is able to rotate continuously.

The waveform shown in Figure 4 depicts the current through a resistor connected in an a.c. circuit.

Calculate the period and frequency of the alternating supply.

If the resistor is $45\Omega$, determine the peak-to-peak voltage across the resistor.

Calculate the maximum power dissipated in the resistor.

Figure 5 shows two blocks of copper that are placed in contact with each other. Block A initially has a temperature of 40 °C and block B has a temperature of 70 °C.

Figure 5. Two blocks of copper

+-----------------+
|     BLOCK A     |
|     40 °C       |
+-----------------+
|     BLOCK B     |
|     70 °C       |
+-----------------+

What is the direction of net heat transfer between the blocks?

The final equilibrium temperature of the blocks is 52 °C. Convert this temperature to Kelvin.

Figure 6 shows the sketch of a natural convection solar water heating system.

Figure 6. Solar water heating system

The energy absorbed by the solar collector is 300 kJ and 40% of this is transferred to the 2 kg of water in the copper tubing. If the initial temperature of the water is 27 °C, calculate the final temperature of the water.

[Specific heat capacity of water = $4.2 \times 10^3 \text{ J kg}^{-1} \text{ K}^{-1}$]

Outline which feature of the solar water heating system shown in Figure 6 demonstrates EACH of the following thermal energy principles: a) Good absorption of heat b) Heat transfer by convection c) The green house effect d) Good heat transfer by conduction e) Reduction of heat transfer by conduction

What is the difference between 'longitudinal waves' and 'transverse waves'?

Given that red light has a wavelength of $700 \times 10^{-9}$ m, calculate its frequency.

In 2010, Sound Navigation and Ranging (SONAR) was used to detect the presence of submerged oil plumes in the Gulf of Mexico after a massive oil spill. Figure 7 shows a ship using SONAR to locate an oil plume.

Figure 7. SONAR ship

[Image of a ship using SONAR to detect an oil plume]

• Speed of sound in sea water = $1450 \text{ ms}^{-1}$
• Speed of light in air = $3.0 \times 10^8 \text{ ms}^{-1}$

Explain, with reference to Figure 7, how SONAR was used to determine the depth of an oil plume.

If echoes are received 0.3 seconds after being sent, calculate the depth of the oil plume below the detector, given that Velocity = $\frac{\text{distance}}{\text{time}}$.

[Speed of sound in sea water = $1450 \text{ ms}^{-1}$] [Speed of light in air = ]