CSEC Biology Paper 2 May/June 2022 - Free CXC Past Paper with Answers

Define EACH of the following terms:

Saprophytic nutrition

Heterotrophic nutrition

Autotrophic nutrition

Complete Table 2 identifying TWO saprophytes and their food sources.

TABLE 2: SAPROPHYTES AND THEIR FOOD SOURCES

Explain TWO processes by which the raw materials required for making nutrients reach the leaves of a plant.

Young seedlings use all the nutrients stored in their cotyledons to start their growth. Explain the process by which the seedlings make more nutrients to continue their growth.

Identify the structures labelled A, B, C and D.

Identify the structures labelled A, B, C and D.

State the function of any THREE of the structures identified in (a) (i).

A student collected two specimens, A and B, from a seashore during her Biology field trip. She used a microscope to determine which structures were present in the specimens and found that Specimen A contained more mitochondria than Specimen B.

Suggest TWO reasons why Specimen A had more mitochondria than Specimen B.

Using TWO named examples, explain why cell specialization is important for cells to function effectively.

Define EACH of the following terms:

Climate change

Population

State FOUR methods that may be used to conserve the environment.

The earth's climate has warmed considerably over the past few decades. Using THREE examples, explain how global warming may lead to an increase in infectious diseases within the Caribbean region.

Climate change can severely impact Small Island Developing States (SIDS) within the Caribbean. Suggest THREE possible actions that can be taken to reduce the effects of climate change.

Ellis received a blood test from his doctor. His test results showed that his white blood cell and platelet levels were normal while his red blood cell levels were not normal.

Complete Table 3 below to show ONE function of EACH of the blood components.

TABLE 3: BLOOD COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS

Name THREE other substances which are found in the blood.

Ellis received additional tests which revealed that he has sickle-cell anaemia. Suggest ONE way in which Ellis' red blood cells may differ from a person who does NOT have sickle-cell anaemia.

Ellis becomes concerned that his child may also develop sickle-cell anaemia. His doctor tested his wife's blood and told Ellis that it is unlikely that he will have a child with sickle-cell anaemia. With the use of a genetic diagram, explain why it is NOT possible for Ellis to have a child with sickle-cell anaemia.

In your answer, let S denote the allele for the sickle-cell trait and A the allele for the normal trait.

Phenotype (father): _________________________ Phenotype (mother): _________________________ Genotype (father): _________________________ Genotype (mother): _________________________

Genetic cross:

Explanation:

Anna has a 28-day menstrual cycle. Figure 3 shows the changes which occur in Anna’s uterine lining during her menstrual cycle.

Name the TWO sex hormones which are associated with the menstrual cycle.

On Figure 3, sketch a line for EACH hormone to show how the levels of the sex hormones named in (a) (i) change over the 28-day cycle. Label EACH line.

Anna recently became pregnant. Explain the effect that pregnancy will have on the TWO sex hormones named in (a) (i).

After the delivery of a healthy baby boy, Anna decides that she does not want to have any other children at this time. She, however, wishes to have another child in the future.

Recommend ONE suitable birth control method which Anna could use to prevent pregnancy.

State TWO advantages and ONE disadvantage of the birth control method recommended in (c) (i).

Not all birth control methods can prevent both pregnancy and infections from sexually transmitted diseases.

State TWO sexually transmitted diseases.

Identify a birth control method which would be effective at preventing pregnancy AND infections from sexually transmitted infections.